Md Fazley Rafy

Technical Scope:

• DER Monitoring & Visibility: Leveraging AI/ML and NOAA weather data to improve visibility and prediction of distributed energy resources.
• Cyber-Physical Security: Utilizing AI/ML to detect and mitigate cyber-attacks on power electronic devices (inverters) and solar-storage assets.
• Resiliency Analysis: Developing strategies for hybrid solar-plus-storage solutions to improve grid resiliency against natural disasters and cyber threats.
• Net-Zero Hydrogen: Investigating efficient strategies for solar-driven hydrogen production via electrolysis.

Associated Publications:

• [1] J. Adan, Md Fazley Rafy and A. K. Srivastava (2025). "Cyber resilience in solar-rich networked microgrids: A real-time end-to-end DER outage management framework." IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. doi: 10.1109/TIA.2025.3625887.
• [2] Md Fazley Rafy, N. Patari, Anurag K. Srivastava (2025). "Component-Level Disaggregation of Residential Net Meter Data Using a Hybrid Classification and Block Coordinate Descent Framework." Manuscript submitted to IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.
• [3] Md Fazley Rafy, and A. K. Srivastava (2025). "Adaptive Estimation Architecture for Behind-the-Meter PV Generation with Varying Data Observability in Power Distribution System." 2025 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (IAS). Taipei, Taiwan, 2025, pp. 1-6, doi: 10.1109/IAS62731.2025.11061660.
• [4] Partha S. Sarker, Md Fazley Rafy, Anurag K. Srivastava (2025). "Enabling Cyber-resilient Distribution Systems with DERs: Distributed vs. Centralized Control." IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery. doi: 10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3626271.
• [1] Md Fazley Rafy, Anurag K. Srivastava, Francisco Neto, John Biasi (2024). "Communication Technologies for DER-centric Power Distribution Systems: A Comparative Analysis and Cyber-Resilience Guidelines." IEEE Access. doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3408164.

Mentorship Projects:

• ICS Attack Simulation: Guiding students in simulating and detecting MITRE ATT&CK–ICS scenarios on a DER HIL testbed.
• Industrial Automation: Overseeing SEL-3530 RTAC data concentration projects using Modbus TCP and DNP3 protocols integrated with Typhoon HIL and OpenDSS.
• Curriculum Development: Developed foundation modules on power basics, IEEE 1547, and SCADA/RTU workflows to accelerate student onboarding.

Mentored Student Publications:

• [1] Md Fazley Rafy, I. Davis, Anurag K. Srivastava (2026). "Analyzing Attack Propagation for Cyber-Resilience in IoT-Integrated BESS with Hardware-in-the-Loop." Manuscript accepted in 2026 IEEE Texas Power and Energy Conference (TPEC), College Station, TX, USA.

Technical Scope (WVU Team):

[cite_start]
• Battery Technology Comparison: Modeling and evaluating the technical and economic performance of conventional Lithium-ion vs. emerging chemistries (iron, sodium) for rural utility applications[cite: 1241].
• Grid Resilience & Security: Developing adaptive resilience metrics and analyzing attack propagation in IoT-integrated battery storage systems.
• Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL): Validating edge-driven distributed control strategies and battery health estimation using real-time HIL testbeds.

Associated Publications:

• [1] Md Fazley Rafy, N. Patari, Anurag K. Srivastava (2026). "HELIX-DER: Holonic event-aware layered Integration and execution for voltage control in distribution network with DERs." Manuscript submitted to IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.
• [2] Md Fazley Rafy, I. Davis, Anurag K. Srivastava (2026). "Analyzing Attack Propagation for Cyber-Resilience in IoT-Integrated BESS with Hardware-in-the-Loop." Manuscript accepted in 2026 IEEE Texas Power and Energy Conference (TPEC), College Station, TX, USA.
• [3] M.I. Hossain, Md Fazley Rafy, S. Solanki, Anurag K. Srivastava (2026). "Battery SOH estimation using Physics-informed neural network with Quantum-Feature mapping." Manuscript accepted in 2026 IEEE Texas Power and Energy Conference (TPEC), College Station, TX, USA.
• [4] Md Fazley Rafy, P. Sharma, N. Patari, Anurag K. Srivastava, A. Sharma (2025). "Edge-Driven Distributed Control for Power Distribution: A Real-Time Hardware-in-the-Loop Testbed for Industrial Automation and Applications." Manuscript Submitted to IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications.
• [5] Md Fazley Rafy, E. Otis Boateng, Vignesh Venkata Gopala Krishnan, Anurag K. Srivastava (2024). "Cyber-Resilient IoT-based Battery Energy Storage Systems in Power Distribution Systems." IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. doi: 10.1109/TIA.2025.3549413.
• [6] E. Oti Boateng, M. F. Rafy, P. Sarker, and A. K. Srivastava (2024). "Adaptive Resilience Metrics for DER-Rich Electric Distribution Systems." Book Chapter in Energy System Resilience and Distributed Generation. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. 27-67.

Technical Scope:

• Adversarial AI Defense: Developing robust mechanisms against data poisoning, model inversion, and bias exploitation in intelligent systems.
• Cyber-Physical Resilience: Enhancing security for critical infrastructure (e.g., power grids, robotics) through physics-inspired and explainable AI.
• Workforce Development: Launching open-source learning modules and hands-on labs for detecting and mitigating AI-specific cyber threats.

Associated Publications:

• [1] K. Hasan, Md Fazley Rafy, & A. K. Srivastava (2025). "Power outage and cause detection using social media: A hybrid architecture with real-time visualization dashboard." In 2025 57th North American Power Symposium (NAPS). IEEE. doi: 10.1109/NAPS66256.2025.11272266.

Technical Scope:

• Automated Restoration: Developing a layered architecture for situational awareness to enable rapid (< 5 min) restoration via flexible boundary islands.
• Distributed Control: Implementing self-organizing control architectures for Multiple Point-of-Common-Coupling (MPCC) islands using grid-forming inverters.
• Resilience Planning: Creating metrics-driven resource plans to identify optimal locations for solar+storage to maximize community resilience.
• Field Demonstration: Validating technologies on a ComEd distribution feeder in Rockford, IL, with 200kW+ PV and 250kW BESS assets.

Associated Publications:

• [1] Md Fazley Rafy, N. Patari, Anurag K. Srivastava (2025). "Component-Level Disaggregation of Residential Net Meter Data Using a Hybrid Classification and Block Coordinate Descent Framework." Manuscript submitted to IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.
• [2] Md Fazley Rafy, and A. K. Srivastava (2025). "Adaptive Estimation Architecture for Behind-the-Meter PV Generation with Varying Data Observability in Power Distribution System." 2025 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (IAS). Taipei, Taiwan, 2025, pp. 1-6, doi: 10.1109/IAS62731.2025.11061660.
• [3] Md Fazley Rafy, I. Davis, Anurag K. Srivastava (2026). "Analyzing Attack Propagation for Cyber-Resilience in IoT-Integrated BESS with Hardware-in-the-Loop." Manuscript accepted in 2026 IEEE Texas Power and Energy Conference (TPEC), College Station, TX, USA.
• [4] Md Fazley Rafy, E. Otis Boateng, Vignesh Venkata Gopala Krishnan, Anurag K. Srivastava (2024). "Cyber-Resilient IoT-based Battery Energy Storage Systems in Power Distribution Systems." IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. doi: 10.1109/TIA.2025.3549413.
• [4] Partha S. Sarker, Md Fazley Rafy, Anurag K. Srivastava (2025). "Enabling Cyber-resilient Distribution Systems with DERs: Distributed vs. Centralized Control." IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery. doi: 10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3626271.

Technical Scope:

• Local Electricity Market (LEM): Designing primary and secondary markets to facilitate peer-to-peer energy trading and identify trustable assets for resilience.
• IoT-Coordinated Restoration: Implementing automated restoration schemes that leverage IoT-based Demand Response (DR) and DERs to maintain critical loads during outages.
• Federated Learning: Utilizing federated learning for market bids and loss estimation to preserve privacy while optimizing system performance.
• Validation: Validating the architecture using high-fidelity co-simulation (HELICS, GridLAB-D) and real-time Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) testbeds.

Associated Publications:

• [1] P.S. Sarker, Md Fazley Rafy, S. Basumallik, Anurag K. Srivastava (2025). "Resiliency-driven Restoration for Distribution Systems with IoT-based Demand Response, DERs, and ML-based Loss Estimation." Manuscript in Review. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.
• [2] Annaswamy, Anuradha (2025). "EUREICA: Efficient UltRa Endpoint IoT-enabled Coordinated Architecture." Combined technical report of the project. U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information. doi: 10.2172/2575017.

Technical Scope:

• Holonic Architecture: Designing a recursive, distributed control framework where autonomous "holons" (e.g., microgrids, DERs) coordinate to achieve system-level objectives like voltage and frequency stability.
• Resilient Optimization: Developing delay-aware and event-aware optimization algorithms (PAC-X) that function robustly even during communication latency or cyber-disruptions.
• Cyber-Security: Integrating data-driven threat intelligence sharing and anomaly detection directly into the control loop.
• Validation: Implementing real-time Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) testbeds to validate distributed control strategies on industrial automation systems.

Associated Publications:

• [1] Md Fazley Rafy, N. Patari, Anurag K. Srivastava (2026). "HELIX-DER: Holonic event-aware layered Integration and execution for voltage control in distribution network with DERs." Manuscript submitted to IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.
• [2] Md Fazley Rafy, P. Sharma, N. Patari, Anurag K. Srivastava, A. Sharma (2025). "Edge-Driven Distributed Control for Power Distribution: A Real-Time Hardware-in-the-Loop Testbed for Industrial Automation and Applications." Manuscript Submitted to IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications.
• [3] Partha S. Sarker, Md Fazley Rafy, Anurag K. Srivastava (2025). "Enabling Cyber-resilient Distribution Systems with DERs: Distributed vs. Centralized Control." IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery. doi: 10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3626271.
• [4] Md Fazley Rafy, E. Otis Boateng, Vignesh Venkata Gopala Krishnan, Anurag K. Srivastava (2024). "Cyber-Resilient IoT-based Battery Energy Storage Systems in Power Distribution Systems." IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. doi: 10.1109/TIA.2025.3549413.
• [5] S. Basumallik, Md Fazley Rafy, S. Konar, and A. K. Srivastava (2024). "Holonic Architecture for Cyber-Power Distribution Grid Monitoring and Operation." Book Chapter in Control, Communication, Monitoring and Protection of Smart Grids. doi: 10.1049/PBPO248E_ch10.

Technical Scope (WVU Team):

My work at West Virginia University focused on:

• Microgrid & Active Distribution: Developing primary/secondary controllers, protection mechanisms, and novel converter topologies for AC/DC microgrids.
• Cyber-Security: Creating cyber-physical analysis tools and security measures for smart operations with high DER penetration.
• DSO Functions & ADMS: Integrating DER control with Advanced Distribution Management Systems (ADMS) and Microgrid Management Systems.
• Lab Validation: Developing real-time HIL (Hardware-in-the-Loop) testbeds for validating concepts before field deployment.

Associated Publications:

• [1] Md Fazley Rafy, Anurag K. Srivastava, Francisco Neto, John Biasi (2024). "Communication Technologies for DER-centric Power Distribution Systems: A Comparative Analysis and Cyber-Resilience Guidelines." IEEE Access. doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3408164.
• [2] Partha S. Sarker, Subir Majumder, Md Fazley Rafy, Anurag K. Srivastava (2022). "Impact Analysis of Cyber-Events on Distributed Voltage Control with Active Power Curtailment." 2022 IEEE International Conference on Power Electronics, Drives and Energy Systems (PEDES). doi: 10.1109/PEDES56012.2022.10080183.
• [3] Partha S. Sarker, Md Fazley Rafy, R.K. Singh, Anurag K. Srivastava (2023). "Cyber Anomaly-Aware Distributed Voltage Control with Active Power Curtailment and DERs." IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. doi: 10.1109/TIA.2023.3328850.
• [4] Partha S. Sarker, Md Fazley Rafy, Anurag K. Srivastava (2025). "Enabling Cyber-resilient Distribution Systems with DERs: Distributed vs. Centralized Control." IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery. doi: 10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3626271.

Mentorship Scope:

• Web Tool Development: Guided the development of a user-friendly web interface for PV estimation using Streamlit/Python.
• ADMS Integration: Extended the tool to interface with a Mock Advanced Distribution Management System (ADMS) using an open-source database backend.
• Full-Stack Guidance: Provided mentorship on requirements analysis, data flow design, and UI/UX prototyping.

Resulted Work:

• [1] Code Repository: noahjacob2025/PV-Forecasting-WebApp
  (Includes Requirements Doc, Data Flow Diagrams, and Dashboard Source Code)

Technical Scope:

• Field Surveys: Conducted on-site data collection and user feedback analysis in rural areas of Dhaka, Rajshahi, and Sylhet.
• Data Analysis: utilized data from the Infrastructure Development Company Limited (IDCOL) to map distribution constraints.
• Implementation Strategy: Identified key barriers to SHS adoption and proposed solutions for improving rural power distribution.

Associated Publications:

• [1] M.Z. Islam, M.A.R. Ahad, Md Fazley Rafy, R. Shameem, M.S. Parvej, M.S. Mim, A. Mashsharat (2014). "A study of Solar Home System in Bangladesh: Current status, future prospect and constraints." 2014 International Conference on Green Energy and Technology (ICGET), Dhaka, Bangladesh. doi: 10.1109/ICGET.2014.6966674.